Which activity should a nurse encourage a client to avoid due to the risk of increased intracranial pressure?

Coughing is a vigorous activity that can significantly increase intracranial pressure due to the sudden increase in intrathoracic pressure and the resistance to venous outflow from the brain. When a person coughs forcefully, the pressures within the thoracic cavity rise, which can impede venous return from the head, potentially leading to increased pressure within the cranial space. For clients who may already be at risk for increased intracranial pressure—such as those recovering from head injuries, surgeries, or other neurological issues—coughing should be limited or managed carefully to mitigate these risks.

Encouraging the client to avoid coughing, particularly if they are instructed to do so after intracranial surgery or if they are presenting symptoms indicative of elevated intracranial pressure, is crucial for maintaining their neurological stability. Instead, healthcare providers may employ alternative methods to clear secretions, such as gentle suctioning or the use of medications, if necessary, to manage respiratory concerns without heightening intracranial pressure risk.